مجله پزشکی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی تبریز
سال چهل و یکم شماره 5 (پیاپی 143، آذر و دی 1398)

The cardio-vascular diseases have an inflammatory background and systemic inflammation has the key role in the development of atherosclerosis and this factor may specially increase cardiovascular problems in overweight and obese people. The aim of this study was compares the effects of ten weeks High Intensity Interval (HIIT) training and moderate intensity aerobic training (MIAT) on some cardiovascular risk factors in overweight inactive men.

Nineteen overweight men (with an average age of 24.12 ± 1.42 and body mass index 27.27 ± 0.94 kg / m2) voluntarily participated in this study and were randomly divided to 2 Groups: Group A (HIIT) and Group B (MIAT). Subjects performed training programs for 10 weeks, 3 sessions per week. The levels of C-reactive protein and lipid profile were measured before and after 10 weeks of training programs. For statistical data analysis, independent and paired t tests were used and considered significant at a p≤0.05.

After 12 weeks of High Intensity Interval training, levels of cholesterol (P=0.001), LDL (P=0.002) and CRP (P=0.001) were significantly reduced and HDL level increased significantly (P=0.001), In MIAT training group, only a significant reduction in cholesterol was found (P=0.006).

The ten weeks HIIT training can cause favorable changes in body fat percentage, lipid profile and CRP level in overweight students.

The genome of Enterococcus has a large number of repetitive sequences that are randomly distributed over DNA. In ERIC-PCR, a separate pattern is obtained for each strain and is considered a separate type. Prokaryotic and eukaryotic genomes include dispersed repeat sequences that are relatively short non-coding, and dispersed in the bacterial genome. BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR primers are complementary to these repeat sequences and allow for dedicated binding and unique BOX-PCR fingerprint patterns and ERIC-PCR with reproducibility capability.

In this cross-sectional descriptive study, based on previous studies and 95% confidence level using the formula n = z2P (1-P)/d2 and acceptable error 0.05, total of 60 Enterococcal Faecalis strains were cultured from sterile specimens on KF agar medium and incubated at 37°C for 24h and were identified by biochemical tests of suspected Enterococcal Faecalis. DNA samples were extracted and BOX-PCR and ERIC-PCR tests were performed.

All strains were distinguished in 25 distinct clusters at the level of similarity of 58%. Also, by analyzing the ERIC-PCR results, all strains were segregated into 15 separate clusters at a similar level of 58%.

Molecular fingerprinting with BOX-PCR has a better subtraction and differentiation than ERIC-PCR for typing bacterial isolates and is widely used in epidemiological studies and trace source of infection and taxonomy.

There is a great deal of variability in the response of cortisol and testosterone to different methods of exercise training. One of the methods of exercise that is considered today is the exercises with blood flow restriction. Therefore, this study aimed to compare the changes in hormonal levels of testosterone and cortisol following resistance training with and without blood flow restriction in female athletes.

30 active females aged 23-30 years were randomly divided into three groups: traditional resistance training, resistance training with blood flow restriction and control. Training started with one set of 30 reps and ended with two sets repeated until exhaustion. Blood sampling prior to and immediately after exercise training took place to measure levels of testosterone and cortisol. T-test for comparison within group and one-way ANOVA was used to compare between groups comparison.

Results showed no significant increase for testosterone levels in within and between groups comparison. (P=0/724). Also, cortisol levels were significantly increased only in group without blood flow restriction compared to the pre-test (P=0/001). But in between groups comparison, there was a significant increase in serum levels of cortisol in two training groups compared to the control group (P=0/002).

It seems that athletes who are in the rehabilitation phase and are not capable of lifting heavy weights, low intensity exercises with blood flow restriction can be replaced with without blood flow restriction exercises with high intensity.

Trichotillomania and skin picking appear to be compulsory and chronic. The present study attempts to investigate the effectiveness of this type of treatment in improving the symptoms of adolescents.

This study used single case design scheme of multi stepped on four patients (two patients for each disorder) with 10 sessions over the course of three month follow up. Data was gathering through Skin Picking, trichotillomania Scale, Milwaukee Inventory for Subtypes of Skin Picking and hair pulling.

The intervention had significant effects in the reduction of symptoms of focused and automatic skin picking and trichotillomania and follow-up over three month revealed that the treatment effects were maintained.

The AEBT could be effective in treating patients with trichotillomania and skin picking, and follow-up over three month revealed that the treatment effects were maintained.

The use of a single sauna for decreasing weight quickly has a significantly negative impact on the health. The present study aimed to investigate the effect of Saffron aqueous extracts on maximal oxygen uptake, serum lipid peroxidation and total antioxidant capacity of young men athlete following a single Sauna leads to a 4 percent body weight loss.

In a semi-experimental study twenty young athletic men were randomly divided into two equal groups of 1- control 2- supplement. Subjects in supplement group consumed 5 mg /kg/day of saffron for 4 days, whiles other group received the same amount of placebo (lactose). After four days of supplementation all subjects lost 4% of their body weight by dehydration in dry sauna. Serum total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels were measured in three stages, (baseline, and 4h before and immediately after sauna) and vo2 max was measured in two stages (1week before and immediately after sauna).

The mean age, weight, and body fat were 22.60±0.98 years, 76.07±5.11 kg, and 18.06±1.64 percent, respectively. The vo2 max in the two groups after sauna significantly decreased (p=0/001). As well as total antioxidant capacity and malondialdehyde levels in the only control group after sauna significantly decreased and increased respectively (p=0/001).

It can be concluded that the use of saffron extract improved levels of serum total antioxidant capacity, and thereby it significantly prevented the increase of in serum malondialdehyde after sauna. However the uses of saffron extract no significant effect on prevented the decrease in vo2 max after sauna.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men. Identification of cancer nature, progress and the mechanism of its inhibition have been always scientific important issues. The aim of this study was to analyze the effect of olives Oleuropein particles on protein expression levels in prostate cancer cell line, LNcap.

Survival test (MTT) has been applied in 8 concentrations of Oleuropein: 19, 39, 78, 156, 312, 625, 1250, and 2500 in LNcap cell line, as well differential comparative proteomics analyses has been performed. Two dimensional electrophoresis results in relation to differential proteins have been identified by MS- MALDI-TOF-TOF approach, as their aligns have been recognized in Mascot Database.

Survival test demonstrates that olive Oleuropein controled LNCap cells growth and increased their roundness. LNCap cells have most been controlled in 625ppm concentration. GSTP1and DMNT1proteins have been identified as differential proteins in Oleuropein treated samples. Where comparing to controls, DMNT1 had been downregulated. On the other hand GSTP1 had been upregulated in 625 ppm Oleuropein treated samples.

Oleuropein may be effective for inhibition of prostate cancer cells in LNcap cell line, by affecting protein expression, antioxidant genes expression, some transcriptional factors expression in relation with cells leading toward apoptosis direction, and metastasis activity reduction.

Bacteria are one of the important sources of producing enzymes. The aim of this study was to the isolate the halophilic bacteria producing amylase, lipase and pectinase from saline soil of the center of Iran.

In this study, soil samples were collected from Dagh Biarjmand and Haj Aligholi in Semnan province. At first, isolated halophilic bacteria were cultured and screened for producing of hydrolytic enzymes including amylase, lipase and pectinase using enzyme-specific media. The enzymatic activities of isolates were recognized by induction of growth inhibition zone and/or precipitation around colonies after addition of related indicators. Afterward, enzyme positive isolates were identifies using the 16S rRNA sequencing.

Out of 7 bacterial isolates, 4 bacteria with amylase activity, 6 bacteria with lipase activity and 3 bacteria with pectinase activity were recognized and identified. Results showed that 2 isolates with the ability of producing all three types of enzymes belong to Bacillus genus using molecular identification methods. Furthermore, the halophilic bacteria producing amylase and pectinase were belonging to Bacillus and Halobacillus genera. Besides, bacteria producing lipase belonged to Bacillus and Virgibacillus genera.

The Bacillus bacteria isolated from the soil can produce all three amylase, pectinase and lipase enzymes.

Diabetes mellitus (DM), as an increasing health problem worldwide, can be associated with severe cardiovascular complications. The quality of life is adversely affected by type 2 diabetes and there were proposed different methods for prevention and treatment of diabetic induced problem. The aim of this study was to investigate effect of 12 weeks of aquatic aerobic exercises on motor performance and quality of life in diabetic female patients with heart failure.

In this randomized clinical trial, 36 diabetic women with heart failure referring to Tabriz Madani hospital voluntarily participated in this study and assigned to one of two groups: control(n=18) and experimental (n=18) group. Aquatic exercises were carried out under the supervision of an aquatic expert three sessions a week for 12 weeks, each session lasting 60 minutes with intensity of 4-6 in RPE Borg classification. Patients in the control group continued their normal daily living activities. Quality of life and motor performance were assessed using SF-36 questionnaire and 6 min walking test (6MWT). Blood sampling was gathered 48 h before and after training protocol for analyzing diabetic indexes such as fasting blood sugar (FBS), insulin resistance, Glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c). The obtained data were analyzed using SPSS-18, ANOVA 2*2 and independent T tests at the significant level α <0.05.

After intervention, there were significant differences in FBS (P=0/007), HbA1c (p=0/012), 6MWT (P=0/000) and subscales of quality of life such as role limitations due to emotional problems (0/01), energy/fatigue (p=0/04), subtitle of physical health (p=0/036) and subtitle of psychological health (p=0/002) between experiment and control group.

The aquatic exercises, as a safe and effective exercise Method, could be helpful in improving the motor functions and quality of life of diabetic females with heart failures.

The widespread use of antibiotics is a cause of mutation in microorganisms and leads to the emergence of new micro organisms and resistance to common antibiotics. The purpose of this study is to investigate the synergistic effect of antibacterial synthetic essential oils of Artemisia quettensis and imipenem antibiotic on Pseudomonas aeruginosa isolated from clinical specimens and comparing it with conventional antibiotics.

In this in vitro study, Artemisia quettensis.podlech oil was used alone and combined used with standard antibiotics to evaluate their antimicrobial activities. The disk diffusion method was employed.

The essential oil of the plants with antibiotics led to a synergistic effect in some cases, because of injecting a quarter of antibiotics inhibit the growth of bacteria and prevents the creation of the colony.

The combination of essential oils of the Artemisia quettensis with antibiotics may be useful in the fight against emerging microbial drug resistance.

Preventing the bone loss and trying to keep bones healthy at a young age are the best preventive options in order to manage osteoporosis in elderly. Therefore, the aim of this study was to investigate the effect of 8 weeks of selected aquatic aerobic training on bone formation and density indices in overweight middle-aged men.

In a semi-experimental study, 24 overweight men (BMI≥25) with a range of 45 to 55 years old were selected randomly after a public call among 70 subjects. Participants were randomly divided into experimental (n=12) and control (n=12) groups. Training program included selected aquatic aerobic training with 45 to 65 percent of maximum heart rate lasting for 8 weeks. Blood samples were taken before and after exercise to measure serum variables.

There was a significant difference between pre-test and post-test of femoral bone density, osteocalcin and serum parathormone in the experimental group (p< 0.05) while this difference was not significant for the pre and post-test values of these variables in the participants of the control group (p> 0.05). Also, exercise increases mean of changes in femur bone density, osteocalcin and parathormone levels significantly in the experimental group in comparison with the control group (p< 0.05).

Auatic aerobic training is recommended for overweight middle-aged individuals to prevent osteoporosis and reduce bone density associated with aging.

Nasal obstruction is one of the common problems of patients. The most common structural cause of it is septal deviation. Septoplasty is the third common head and neck procedure. Splint is one of the most commonly used surgical devices for septal support, prevent adhesion and accelerate mucus healing. However, some studies have shown increased incidence of epistaxis, sleep disturbances, discomfort, PND, infection and perforation in patients using splint. This study was designed to compare the complications of septoplasty with and without nasal splint.

In this study, 48 septoplasty candidates which admitted to Imam Reza Hospital during the second half of 2015 were enrolled. They were divided into two equal groups of intervention (suture) and control (splint). The two groups were evaluated for perforation, hematoma and pain, 2 weeks after surgery. All data was collected and analyzed.

The mean age of the patients was 27.65 ± 6.7 years and the sex ratio was 1:1.4. The severity of pain was lower in the intervention group (without splint) based on VAS and VRS (P <0.01). There was no significant difference in the incidence of headache, sleep disturbances, epistaxis and epiphora after surgery in the two groups. Infection, hematoma and perforation of the nasal wall were not recorded in any of the studied groups.

The complications due to septoplasty in patients without splint are not more common and the amount of postoperative pain is significantly lower in these patients. Therefore, splint shouldn’t be used in patients who have septoplasty alone.

Liver enzymes are known markers for liver dysfunction which can be associated with the risk of heart disease. This study aimed to compare the effects of the home-based exercise rehabilitation and center-based CR on changes in liver enzymes of patients with heart failure.

In a semi-experimental study, 40 patients (mean age, 59 ± 6.28 years) voluntarily were divided into 3 groups: home-based exercise rehabilitation (n=13), centre –based CR (n=15) and control (n=12). Liver enzymes (Aspartat aminotransferaz (AST), Alanine aminotransferase (ALT, alkaline phosphatase (ALP), Lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) and Creatine phosphokinase (CPK)) were measured at baseline and after 2 months of CR. Data were analyzed using analysis of covariance (ANCOVA) in P < 0.05 level.

For the centre –based CR group, the levels of LDH and CPK after 2 months were reduced (P<0/05), While there were no significant differences in AST, ALT and ALP levels. Levels of ALT significantly reduce in the home-based exercise rehabilitation group.

CR may have been reduce some of the liver enzymes through increased cardiac output and insulin sensitivity and improved perfusion.

Transcriptionally silencing is related to abnormal methylation of tumor suppressor gene promoters by the enzyme of DNA methylase (DNMT1) in an alternate way in prostate cancer development. Ghareghate (acciniumarctostaphylos) have polyphenols and anthocyanins which may be investigated as natural antioxidants in prostate cancer cells treating.

In this study human invasive prostate cancer cell lines (PC3) were treated with various concentrations (156, 312, 625, 1250, 2500 µg/ml) of Ghareghate fruit extractions. DNMT1 expression levels and inhibition rates were assessed after 24, 48 hours by Q-RT-PCR and MTT test respectively.

DNMT1 expression rates in pc3 cell line which treated with Ghareghate extractions, reduced significantly comparing to control cells (p<0.001). Moreover it has demonstrated that Ghareghate extractions can significantly increase inhibition of cancer cells grow (p<0.001). The highest relative decrease of gene expression observed in 625µg/ml.

Ghareghat extractions can be used as an antioxidant recourse for the purpose of cancer therapy and prevention.